Venus is the second planet from the sun in our solar system, and is often referred to as Earth's sister planet due to its similar size and composition. It is named after the Roman goddess of love and beauty, known for its bright and visible appearance in the night sky. Venus has a thick atmosphere made up mainly of carbon dioxide, which traps heat and creates a runaway greenhouse effect, resulting in surface temperatures hot enough to melt lead. Despite its harsh conditions, Venus has been the subject of numerous scientific missions, including the Soviet Venera program and NASA's Magellan spacecraft. Studying Venus can provide valuable insights into the processes that shape terrestrial planets and the potential effects of climate change.